Circumferential liposuction of the ankles and calves tends to be more technically difficult than liposuction of flatter, more fatty surfaces, such as the abdomen. Three practitioners share their approaches to this lower-limb procedure

For women who want to have children, sometimes that means giving up a sculpted, "six-pack" set of abdominals. One technique, however, can help restore that look in select postpartum women.

Although the calves may not be the highest-profile place for implants, cosmetic surgeons say that the implants can be highly beneficial for some patients.

One surgeon has optimized his use of a grid system to help eliminate dog ears and maximize predictability of abdominoplasty results.

Although several post-operative wound dressings and techniques are available, according to one surgeon, post-operative wounds heal best with moisture-retentive dressings or agents.

Carboxytherapy delivers impressive results for cellulite, dark under-eye circles and stretch marks, says Marian Zilkha, M.D., Ph.D., a Brazilian-licensed ophthalmic plastic surgeon who coordinates aesthetic procedures at Manhattan's Integrated Center of Aesthetic Medicine. In Brazil and Europe, experts add, physicians use adjunctive carboxytherapy for everything from alopecia and anesthesia to pain management, psoriasis and wound healing.

Carbon dioxide injections represent a safe, effective option for addressing cellulite, particularly when combined with other treatments, sources say. For mild cellulite cases, they add, CO2 injections sometimes can stand alone.

Dating back to 1932 when first developed to treat vascular disorders, subcutaneous CO2 injections today show promise for treating a host of cosmetic and medical concerns, according to one expert.

Could a by-product of multicomponent pheresis developed over three decades ago now be used as an agent to improve normal wound healing? Autologous platelet gel (APG) from healthy individuals may be such an agent to enhance quick, complete wound healing, according to findings from a recent report in the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.